Strut-and-Tie Method (STM) The Strut-and-Tie Method is a structural analysis and design approach used for disturbed regions (D-regions) in reinforced concrete structures, where traditional beam theory is not valid. 🛑 Typical applications: - Deep beams - Short corbels and brackets - Pile caps - Regions with concentrated loads or supports - Openings in concrete members 🛑 Basic concept: The internal force flow in concrete is idealized as a truss system consisting of: Struts → concrete compression