The caissons are made of reinforced concrete with the rebar lattice constructed on site. The 10-in.-thick tilt-up walls were also poured and tilted on site. All concrete work on the project is being ...

The new Narrows Bridge was built just 200 feet south of the existing bridge. Complex stratigraphy, diverse topography, fault-zones, landslide-prone slopes, contaminated soils and endangered species.

Keywords: Seismic designs. Large pile groups. Caissons. Retrofitting. Long-span bridges. Ground motions. Soil-foundation-structure interaction (SFSI). Kinematic soil-pile interaction. Linear stiffness ...

The object is, of course, to sink the caisson until a foundation of hard-pan or bedrock is reached, and this is done by the diggers, or sand hogs, as they are called, who work in the lower chamber and ...